MCQs on SQL Functions and Expressions | Data Manipulation

Topic 1: String Functions (UPPER, LOWER, CONCAT, etc.)

1. Which SQL function is used to convert a string to uppercase?
   • A) UPPER
   • B) LOWER
   • C) CONCAT
   • D) TRIM
2. The CONCAT function in SQL is used to:
   • A) Remove extra spaces from a string
   • B) Combine two or more strings into one
   • C) Change the case of a string
   • D) Split a string into an array
3. Which function in SQL is used to convert a string to lowercase?
   • A) LOWER
   • B) UPPER
   • C) INITCAP
   • D) CONCAT
4. To get the length of a string, which function would you use in SQL?
   • A) LENGTH
   • B) CHAR_LENGTH
   • C) SIZE
   • D) COUNT
5. What does the TRIM function do in SQL?
   • A) Removes all spaces from a string
   • B) Removes leading and trailing spaces from a string
   • C) Concatenates strings
   • D) Converts a string to uppercase
6. Which function is used to replace a substring with another substring in SQL?
   • A) REPLACE
   • B) SUBSTRING
   • C) CONCAT
   • D) POSITION
7. Which SQL function is used to extract a substring from a string?
   • A) SUBSTRING
   • B) LEFT
   • C) RIGHT
   • D) SPLIT
8. What does the INSTR function return in SQL?
   • A) The position of a substring in a string
   • B) The total length of a string
   • C) A substring of a string
   • D) The case of a string
9. Which SQL function is used to remove trailing spaces from a string?
   • A) LTRIM
   • B) RTRIM
   • C) TRIM
   • D) LENGTH
10. To find the position of a character or substring in a string, which function would you use?
    • A) POSITION
    • B) INSTR
    • C) LOCATE
    • D) FIND

Topic 2: Date and Time Functions (SYSDATE, TO_DATE, etc.)

11. Which function in SQL returns the current system date and time?
    • A) CURRENT_DATE
    • B) GETDATE()
    • C) SYSDATE
    • D) NOW()
12. To convert a string to a date in SQL, which function would you use?
    • A) TO_DATE
    • B) DATE_FORMAT
    • C) CAST
    • D) CONVERT
13. Which function is used to get the current date in SQL?
    • A) CURRENT_DATE
    • B) GETDATE()
    • C) SYSDATE
    • D) NOW()
14. How would you extract the year from a date in SQL?
    • A) YEAR()
    • B) EXTRACT(YEAR FROM date)
    • C) DATE_PART(‘year’, date)
    • D) TO_CHAR(date, ‘YYYY’)
15. To add a specified interval to a date, which SQL function would you use?
    • A) DATE_ADD
    • B) ADD_INTERVAL
    • C) ADD_DATE
    • D) DATE_SUB
16. Which function is used to calculate the difference between two dates in SQL?
    • A) DATEDIFF
    • B) DATE_SUB
    • C) DATE_DIFF
    • D) DAYS_BETWEEN
17. What does the TO_DATE function do in SQL?
    • A) Converts a date to a string
    • B) Converts a string to a date
    • C) Adds a time interval to a date
    • D) Formats a date
18. To get the current time in SQL, which function would you use?
    • A) SYSDATE
    • B) CURRENT_TIME
    • C) GETTIME()
    • D) TIME_NOW
19. Which SQL function is used to extract the month from a date?
    • A) MONTH()
    • B) EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date)
    • C) DATE_PART(‘month’, date)
    • D) TO_CHAR(date, ‘MM’)
20. What does the TO_CHAR function do when used with dates?
    • A) Converts a date to a string with a specified format
    • B) Converts a string to a date
    • C) Extracts the date portion from a string
    • D) Calculates the current date

Topic 3: Numeric Functions (ROUND, TRUNC, MOD, etc.)

21. Which SQL function is used to round a number to a specified number of decimal places?
    • A) ROUND
    • B) TRUNC
    • C) CEIL
    • D) FLOOR
22. The TRUNC function in SQL is used to:
    • A) Round a number
    • B) Remove the decimal part of a number
    • C) Get the square root of a number
    • D) Calculate the modulus of a number
23. What is the purpose of the MOD function in SQL?
    • A) To calculate the square of a number
    • B) To get the remainder of a division operation
    • C) To round a number
    • D) To get the average of numbers
24. Which function would you use to get the absolute value of a number in SQL?
    • A) ABS
    • B) ROUND
    • C) CEIL
    • D) SIGN
25. To calculate the square root of a number in SQL, which function would you use?
    • A) SQUARE()
    • B) SQRT()
    • C) POWER()
    • D) EXP()
26. Which function in SQL returns the ceiling of a number (the smallest integer greater than or equal to the number)?
    • A) CEIL
    • B) ROUND
    • C) FLOOR
    • D) SIGN
27. To round a number up to the nearest integer, which SQL function is used?
    • A) CEILING
    • B) ROUND
    • C) FLOOR
    • D) MOD
28. What does the SIGN function in SQL do?
    • A) Returns the sign of a number (positive, negative, or zero)
    • B) Rounds a number to the nearest integer
    • C) Calculates the square of a number
    • D) Calculates the square root of a number
29. Which function is used to calculate the power of a number in SQL?
    • A) EXP()
    • B) POWER()
    • C) SQRT()
    • D) ABS()
30. Which function in SQL is used to return the number of digits to the left of the decimal point in a number?
    • A) LENGTH
    • B) FLOOR
    • C) ROUND
    • D) DIGITS

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